Pacific International Journal

Customized AI Training System for Medical English Teachers in Vocational Medical Colleges: Remedying Deficiencies of Universal Digital Literacy Training

2026-07-16T01:51:43+00:00

Against China’s nationwide digital literacy promotion campaign, universal digital training fails to satisfy the teaching demands of vocational medical colleges. While most nursing teachers apply AI to design teaching courseware, few receive medical-oriented AI training. Defining teachers’ AI teaching competence as situated disciplinary literacy instead of basic software skills, this study adopts TPACK , situated learning theory and activity theory to identify three drawbacks of general AI training: incorrect professional terminology usage, mixed discourse genres and missing ethical review mechanisms . Accordingly, a four-dimensional closed-loop training system is constructed, consisting of situated immersive learning, interdisciplinary collaborative construction, hierarchical training and long-term institutional guarantee. Oriented toward real medical English classrooms, this system offers operable optimization solutions for AI teacher training in vocational colleges.

Singularization of Plural English Second Person Pronouns

2026-07-30T12:30:42+00:00

English second-person pronouns have undergone notable morphological and semantic changes from Old English to the present. Driven by pragmatic motivations such as the expression of respect, plural forms have to varying degrees developed singular usage and, in some cases, have even replaced the original singular forms. To meet the communicative need to distinguish singular from plural reference, reinforcement strategies have emerged and have become a principal mechanism for renewing plural forms. This paper traces the historical development of English second-person pronouns, delineates the specific path of the singularization of plural forms and the subsequent renewal cycle, analyzes the internal linguistic factors and external motivations underlying this change, and brings together cross-linguistic evidence for the singularization of plural second-person pronouns from a typological perspective. The study shows that the singularization of English second-person plural pronouns is a typologically widespread phenomenon, that the change follows the unidirectionality principle of grammaticalization, and that it exhibits a recurring renewal cycle of “plural-form singularization → emergence of a new plural form → re-singularization of the new form.”

The Path to Authenticity: A Study on Material Symbols and the Artists Authentic Self-Generation from the Perspective of Heideggers Theory of Modernity

2026-07-03T02:39:15+00:00

In an era where artistic production is increasingly subsumed by industrial logic, homogenized paradigms, and commercial mechanisms, many contemporary creators find themselves in a state of self-loss. This paper investigates how artists can achieve authentic selfhood and resist modern alienation through their material practices. Drawing on Martin Heidegger's existential ontology and his critique of modernity—specifically the concepts of Dasein, authentic/non-authentic existence, the "they" (das Man), and the "ready-to-hand" (Zuhandenheit)—this study reinterprets the entire artistic process, from material selection and physical labor to the consolidation of personal symbols, as a comprehensive pathway toward authentic existence. Moving beyond formalist readings of material art, this research establishes a tripartite argument: (1) artists' deliberate choice of materials is an act of existential positioning that resists homogenizing discipline; (2) the embodied labor of creation awakens self-awareness and re-establishes a vital connection to life experiences; and (3) the long-term use of distinctive material symbols serves as a tangible testimony of authentic existence. Through in-depth case studies of Wang Guangle, Feng Fang, Chen Guanzhong, and Na Wei, the paper demonstrates how these creators, despite their different backgrounds and media, navigate the transition from non-authenticity to self-realization. This research concludes that material art practice is not merely a stylistic choice but a profound philosophical and therapeutic strategy for artists to cultivate inner awareness, anchor their identity, and find existential meaning within the alienating conditions of modernity. The findings offer both a novel theoretical framework for the study of material art and practical guidance for artists seeking to transcend creative conformity.

An Analysis of Female Characters in A Thousand Splendid Suns from the Perspective of Trauma Theory

2026-07-27T15:00:21+00:00

This paper examines the psychological trauma of Mariam and Laila, the two female protagonists in Khaled Hosseini's A Thousand Splendid Suns (2007), through a systematic application of Judith Herman's (1992) triphasic recovery model, combined with narratological analysis of the novel's formal techniques. The study proceeds in three analytical steps. First, it identifies three intersecting sources of trauma—patriarchal marital coercion and son preference, Taliban-enforced dress codes and polygynous practices, and wartime family disintegration and maternal-child separation—and maps each source onto specific PTSD symptom clusters (emotional numbing, hyperarousal, and intrusive re-experiencing) as manifested through the novel's narrative devices, including focalized interiority, repetitive imagery, and temporal fragmentation. Second, it traces the protagonists' healing trajectory across Herman's three stages: stabilization through sisterly alliance, mourning via confessional storytelling, and reconnection through reconstructed self-identity. Third, it critically assesses the model's cross-cultural applicability, arguing that in contexts where institutional therapy is absent, relational bonds—specifically sisterhood—function as the primary mechanism of recovery. The analysis reveals that Mariam and Laila exhibit distinct trauma profiles: Mariam's trauma manifests predominantly as emotional constriction and resigned passivity, while Laila's is characterized by hyperarousal and persistent anxiety, differences that shape their respective healing trajectories. The study concludes that trauma recovery in the novel does not entail erasure of painful memories but their integration into a revised life narrative, and that sisterhood—rather than romantic love, state intervention, or religious consolation—constitutes the most effective vehicle for restoring agency among women in patriarchal, war-torn societies. This finding suggests a culturally specific modification to Herman's framework: where physical safety remains perpetually unattainable, the stabilization stage may operate concurrently with mourning rather than preceding it.

Synergistic Neuromodulation and Stellate Ganglion Block in Depression: A Neuroimmune Framework

2026-03-08T10:10:10+00:00

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of global disability, with many patients remaining resistant to standard pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic treatments. Increasing evidence implicates dysfunctional neural circuitry, autonomic imbalance, and neuroimmune dysregulation in the pathophysiology of MDD. A novel therapeutic strategy combining Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) with stellate ganglion block (SGB) may target these interacting systems and potentially improve treatment outcomes in patients with MDD.

Objective:This commentary aims to review the available clinical evidence and mechanistic rationale for combining SNT with SGB in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), a combination that may produce synergistic therapeutic effects.Results: The combination of SNT + SGB was associated with more rapid and greater symptom reduction compared with either monotherapy, with favorable tolerability reported across two clinical studies. Mechanistically, SNT engages fronto-cingulate circuitry, modulates glial–immune signaling, and enhances parasympathetic tone. In contrast, SGB reduces sympathetic outflow and attenuates pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-6. These complementary effects likely converge on shared neuroimmune pathways, producing synergistic antidepressant outcomes.Conclusion: Integrating cortical neuromodulation with autonomic regulation represents a coherent neuroimmune strategy for treatment-resistant MDD. Combined SNT + SGB may enhance antidepressant efficacy and durability, warranting validation in larger biomarker-informed trials.

A Study on an Innovative Model for Enhancing Young Children’s Comprehension and Expression of Classical Chinese Poetry through Digital Technology

2026-07-22T10:26:01+00:00

With the rapid advancement of digital technology, its influence has extended to all levels of the education sector, bringing about profound transformations in traditional teaching models. In the early childhood education system, the teaching of classical poetry—a vital component for passing on our fine cultural heritage—faces challenges such as limited teaching methods and difficulties in young children’s comprehension. This study aims to explore an innovative model for enhancing young children’s understanding and expression of classical poetry through the empowerment of digital technology. By introducing interactive electronic picture books and AI-powered voice feedback technology, we have developed an innovative teaching model centered on improving young children’s learning outcomes in classical poetry. The study employs methods such as questionnaires, classroom observations, and experimental comparisons to validate the effectiveness of this model in deepening young children’s sensory experience of classical poetry and enhancing their expressive abilities. The practical results demonstrate that this innovative model significantly improves both the depth of young children’s understanding of classical poetry and the fluency of their expression, offering new ideas and promising applications for the modernization of early childhood classical poetry education.

Program-Based Certification and Competitive Appointment: The Institutional Logic and Policy Implications of South Korea's Teacher Certification System

2026-08-14T04:30:45+00:00

Using a sequential gatekeeping framework, this study analyzes how South Korea allocates quality-assurance responsibility across teacher preparation, qualification assessment, institutional capacity diagnosis, and competitive appointment. Policy document analysis and historical institutional analysis were applied to Korean laws, policy documents, examination materials, and relevant scholarship available through August 2026. The findings show that program-based certification and position-based appointment operate as functionally differentiated gates: a teaching certificate confirms a basic qualification, whereas public-school appointment allocates limited posts. Elementary preparation is concentrated, while secondary preparation follows multiple pathways whose formal equivalence depends heavily on common standards and institutional oversight. This differentiated structure distributes quality judgments across several actors, but its balance is unstable. Oversupply and the high stakes of appointment have made the appointment examination the de facto dominant gate, generating curricular and behavioral washback. Capacity diagnosis has facilitated supply adjustment, yet its linkage to quota reductions may also encourage compliance-oriented evaluation and obscure regional or subject-specific needs. The study contributes a system-level explanation of how formally distinct gates interact and argues that teacher-entry reform should align the function, evidence base, and accountability of each gate rather than rely on a single examination or institutional procedure.

Construction of a Teaching Framework for Graduate English from the Perspective of International Science and Technology Communication

2026-07-17T14:12:17+00:00

Enhancing the capacity for international science and technology communication is essential to strengthening a nation’s discursive power in science and technology. However, English instruction for non-English-major graduates falls demonstrably short of cultivating this capacity. To optimize the current teaching system for the Graduate English, a questionnaire survey was conducted at Inner Mongolia University of Technology, a science and engineering university in western China, to gather data on the English learning needs, competence gaps, and pedagogical preferences of 491 non-English-major graduate students. The results reveal that students learn English for two primary reasons: examination preparation and academic research. They commonly report an insufficient command of academic vocabulary, weak disciplinary English writing skills, and limited ability to participate in international academic exchange. Drawing on the survey findings, this paper proposes an innovative teaching framework, “Digital-Empowered+ One Core with Three Supporting Modules” designed to foster graduate students’ international science and technology communication competence. The three supporting modules are English for International Academic Exchange, English for Professional Technical Communication, and English for Disciplinary Cultural Communication. Supported by digital technologies throughout the teaching process, it achieves a holistic integration of language skills, disciplinary knowledge, and the communication of science and technology culture. Addressing the shortcomings of traditional graduate English instruction, this study offers a feasible reform pathway for English courses serving non-English-major graduate students, and provides a practical reference for cultivating high-level interdisciplinary talent capable of science and technology communication in the digital era.

Exploring Pathways for the Integration of Aesthetic Education into the University Course Research on Problem Solving in Primary School Mathematics

2026-08-05T05:15:25+00:00

Against the backdrop of the education reform oriented toward the integrated development of moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor education, aesthetic education, as a crucial dimension for enhancing students' core competencies, is moving from the periphery toward the center. The Primary Education (Mathematics) program aims to cultivate future teachers with solid subject knowledge and education and teaching competence, and its curriculum design directly determines the quality of the teaching workforce in basic education. However, core courses such as Research on Problem Solving in Primary School Mathematics generally exhibit the problems of prioritizing skills over competencies, logic over aesthetics, and theory over practice, which leads to pre-service teachers' insufficient perception of mathematical beauty and their difficulty in achieving interdisciplinary integration and aesthetic education in future primary school mathematics classrooms. Taking undergraduate pre-service teachers majoring in Primary Education (Mathematics) at a Chinese university who have completed or are currently taking the course Research on Problem Solving in Primary School Mathematics as the main research subjects, this study employs literature review, questionnaire surveys, and semi-structured interviews to conduct an in-depth analysis of the intrinsic logic and practical dilemmas of integrating aesthetic education into the curriculum of the Primary Education (Mathematics) program. The findings reveal that the current course mainly faces challenges including the hollowing-out of aesthetic education goals, superficial content mining, rigid teaching methods, a monolithic assessment system, and shortcomings in teachers' aesthetic literacy. Accordingly, this paper proposes a five-in-one implementation pathway comprising reconstruction of three-dimensional goals, deep content mining, empowerment through diverse teaching, comprehensive assessment orientation, and teaching team building. Combined with typical problem-solving teaching cases in primary school mathematics, concrete teaching designs embodying the beauty of symmetry, logic, method, and thought are developed. The results show that systematic integration of aesthetic education can effectively reshape pre-service teachers' mathematical cognitive structures, enhance the aesthetic connotations and educational value of their instructional designs, and contribute to the overall improvement of talent cultivation quality in the Primary Education (Mathematics) program.

Optimizing Local Government Performance Evaluation Systems Under Digital Transformation: A Public-Value Framework and an Expanded Case Study of Hangzhou, China

2026-07-07T07:37:15+00:00

Digital transformation has moved local government from electronic service delivery to data-driven, platform-based, and increasingly algorithmic governance. Yet many performance evaluation systems still rely on periodic reporting, manually submitted indicators, fragmented departmental targets, and internal administrative assessment. These arrangements are poorly aligned with the speed, complexity, inclusiveness, and accountability requirements of digital governance. This article develops an optimized framework for local government performance evaluation under digital transformation and strengthens it with an expanded case analysis of Hangzhou, China. Drawing on digital-era governance, public value theory, data-driven public sector theory, and algorithmic accountability, the study proposes a parsimonious five-dimensional architecture: governance effectiveness, public service value, data and platform capability, innovation and learning capacity, and trust, transparency, and accountability. Methodologically, the article adopts a design-science-oriented conceptual approach, policy-document analysis, and an illustrative case study. The Hangzhou case is examined through three connected layers: the evolution of the City Brain as a digital governance infrastructure, the government-service management monitoring system as a performance data mechanism, and DB3301/T 0472-2024 as an institutionalized local standard for digital evaluation of law-based government construction. The analysis shows that high-quality digital performance evaluation should not be treated as a technical dashboard. It must be embedded in legal standards, cross-department data governance, public participation, budgetary and corrective incentives, and ethical safeguards for privacy and algorithmic fairness. The paper contributes to digital economy and public administration research by shifting the focus from digitizing old performance indicators to creating dynamic, public-value-oriented, and accountable evaluation systems.

Effect Analysis of Self-made Oral Muscle Training Aids in the Rehabilitation of Dysarthria in Children with Cerebral Palsy

2026-07-29T16:09:25+00:00

Objective: To analyze the application effect of self-made oral muscle training aids combined with games in the rehabilitation of dysarthria in children with cerebral palsy.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 48 children with cerebral palsy and dysarthria admitted to the Department of Cerebral Palsy Rehabilitation, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from January 2023 to June 2025. They were divided into an experimental group (26 cases) and a control group (22 cases) according to different treatment methods. The control group received conventional rehabilitation training, while the experimental group added training content with self-made oral muscle training aids on the basis of the control group. Both groups received continuous treatment for 3 courses. The treatment effect, oral motor function and language function of the two groups were compared.Results: The total effective rate of the experimental group was 92.31% (24/26), which was higher than 63.64% (14/22) of the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.015 < 0.05). After treatment, the oral sensation, mandible, lip, tongue and total scores of the experimental group and the control group were improved compared with those before treatment, and the scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, with significant differences (all P < 0.05). The developmental quotient and comprehension quotient of the experimental group and the control group were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the developmental quotient and comprehension quotient of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, with significant differences (all P < 0.05).Conclusion: Rehabilitation training based on self-made oral muscle training aids can improve the rehabilitation effect of dysarthria in children with cerebral palsy, and promote the development of oral motor function and language function.

Marriage Bondage and Natural Breathing: An Analysis of The Story of An Hour from an Ecofeminism Perspective

2026-05-04T01:26:11+00:00

The Story of an Hour is a highly representative short story by Kate Chopin. Interpreted from the perspective of ecofeminism, the work profoundly reveals the constraints of the patriarchal marriage system on women and the inherent connection between nature and the freedom of female life. Under patriarchy, marriage confines Louise in all aspects of behavior, space and spirit, depriving her of her independent subjectivity and making her feel trapped in a cage, with her body and mind being suppressed for a long time and unable to breathe freely. However, the natural imagery outside the window becomes a force of awakening. Louise steps out of the confined room towards nature through the window, from suffocation to breathing, achieving the awakening of her ecological body and the return of her self-awareness. However, the marriage bondage and the natural breathing are incompatible. The sudden return of her husband makes Louise unable to face the reality of being back in the cage, and the irreconcilability of breathing and bondage ultimately leads to her tragic death.

A Study on the Problems and Optimization Strategies of the Home-School Collaboration Model in Preschools in the Post-Pandemic Context: A Case Study of HW Preschool

2026-07-22T10:24:40+00:00

This paper analyzes and explores the home-school collaboration model in kindergartens during the pandemic. At the time of writing, the author reviewed relevant literature and employed a questionnaire survey method to gather data, providing a rich foundation for the study. The paper offers targeted recommendations to address the shortcomings of home-school collaboration in the current social context and draws the following conclusions:The kindergarten studied in this paper should place greater emphasis on home-school collaboration activities, continuously refine and innovate the forms of such collaboration, enhance the professional competence of both teachers and parents, and improve upon the kindergarten’s existing facilities. Only in this way can the kindergarten better meet the physical and mental development needs of young children in the post-pandemic era and establish a scientific and efficient home-school collaboration model.

Documenting Interpretive Decisions in Haydn’s Trumpet Concerto in E-flat Major A Retrospective Practice- and Performance-Based Framework for Philippine Tertiary Music Education

2026-07-20T14:44:12+00:00

Joseph Haydn’s Trumpet Concerto in E-flat Major, Hob. VIIe:1, is a canonical work through which advanced trumpeters negotiate Classical style, modern valve-trumpet technique, and the historical implications of Anton Weidinger’s keyed trumpet. This article reports a retrospective, single-performer practice-led interpretive inquiry grounded in the author’s doctoral performance work at Philippine Women’s University. During 2025–2026, the author prepared the concerto through dozens of practice sessions and presented it in a public performance at the university. The study addresses two questions: (1) how can historical knowledge, score analysis, comparative listening, embodied technical experimentation, repeated practice, and public performance experience be connected transparently to interpretive decisions; and (2) how can that decision process be translated into observable learning outcomes for higher music education? The evidence comprises reconstructed first-person reflection on the practice process and public performance, present re-examination of selected score locations, published historical and pedagogical scholarship, and documented metadata from contrasting recordings. The practice and performance are completed artistic activities rather than hypothetical teaching scenarios. However, because the precise session count and duration, exact performance date and venue within the university, complete rehearsal recordings, and a full contemporaneous practice archive are unavailable, the study does not present the reflective record as a chronological experimental dataset. Instead, each finding is identified according to its evidentiary basis and level of certainty. The integrated movement analyses identify restrained long-range growth in the first movement, breath-led harmonic continuity in the Andante, and rhythmically buoyant technical control in the finale as the principal interpretive priorities. The article contributes a transparent method for linking sustained artistic practice, public performance, historical context, measure-specific problems, documented decisions, and outcomes-based assessment in Philippine tertiary music education. A four-stage preparation cycle is proposed for future students and is distinguished from the completed practice-and-performance evidence on which the present analysis is based.

The Fit Between Principal Leadership Styles and Middle Leaders’ Role Identity and Its Effects on Leadership Effectiveness

2026-08-05T15:27:27+00:00

Middle leaders connect school-level strategy with departmental, grade-level, and classroom practice, yet their effectiveness may depend on whether principal leadership practices are compatible with how they understand their professional roles. Drawing on person–environment fit theory, this study examines the relationship between perceived principal leadership style–middle leader role identity alignment and self-reported middle leadership effectiveness, with role clarity and leadership self-efficacy tested as parallel mediators. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was developed for formally appointed middle leaders at a private nine-year school in Henan Province, China. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, hierarchical regression, and bootstrap mediation analysis were conducted. Perceived alignment differed significantly across school divisions and leadership-position categories and was positively associated with cumulative leadership tenure. After controlling for school division, position type, and tenure, perceived alignment significantly predicted self-reported leadership effectiveness and explained an additional 12.8% of the variance. Bootstrap results indicated significant indirect effects through both role clarity and leadership self-efficacy, with role clarity producing the larger indirect effect. The remaining direct relationship between alignment and effectiveness became nonsignificant after the mediators were included. These findings support a model in which leadership practices are associated with middle leadership effectiveness partly by clarifying responsibilities and strengthening confidence in leadership capability. The study highlights the importance of matching delegation, support, supervision, and decision-making practices with middle leaders’ responsibilities and professional identities.